Steal, deal and repeat: How cybercriminals trade and exploit your data

1 IOCTA 2025 Steal, deal and repeat - How cybercriminals trade and exploit your data Internet Organised Crime Threat Assessment (IOCTA) 2025 PDF WEB ISBN 978-92-9414-027-2 ISSN 2363-1627 doi: 10.2813/4926508 QL-01-25-009-EN-N Neither the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol) nor any person acting on behalf of the agency is responsible for the use that might be made of the following information. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2025 © European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, 2025 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the copyright of Europol, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. While best efforts have been made to trace and acknowledge all copyright holders, Europol would like to apologise should there have been any errors or omissions. Please do contact us if you possess any further information relating to the images published or their rights holder. Cite this publication: Europol, Steal, deal and repeat - How cybercriminals trade and exploit your data – Internet Organised Crime Threat Assessment, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2025. This publication and more information on Europol are available on the internet. www.europol.europa.eu 2 Contents Key findings 4 Introduction 6 Methodology 7 1. Data: What are criminals going after? 8 2....